Engine or machine packing.



G. W. BELDAIVI.. ENGINE 0R MACHINE PACKING. APPLICATION FILED AuG.2o. IsIa.

Patented Dec. 4, 1917.

L I I fnvezz Z0 74 i entrain ernrEe friirnivr oEEicE.

GEoEcrE y wiLEiEM EELEEM, or Emirate, ENGLAND.

`riitGfIiiTE OE MACHINE PACKING.'

incassa?.

To all whom t may concern: s;

. Be it known that I, GEORGE WILLIAMv BEL- DAM, a subject of the King of England, residing at Ealing, in the county oflMiddlesex, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Connected with s Engine or Machine Packings, of which the following is a specification.`

Ihis invention has reference to engine or machine packings for making fluid tight joints with or between the working parts of engines or machines, wherein a fluid-steam,

air, gases,water and the `like-operates the engine or machine, or the fluid isoperated upon by it, and for other similarpurposes where a fluid tightjoint has to be made; and it relates more particularly to that class of such packing which is flexible, and is made up of or comprises laminas of canvas, asbestos or the like, with or without` wires or other metal strands or woven wire or plaited metal or the like, and the laminas are formed `by rolling or coiling or folding a sheet or sheets of fabric up, the packing as a whole being as stated flexible. i

'Ihe chief object of the present invention is to provide an improved packing of this kind, which while it is at least as eHective 'as rolled up packings of canvas or textile 30' fabric las ordinarily made, it is less eX- pensive. i u

In the packing hereinafter described and illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, the improvements under this invention are comprised; the novel characteristics claimed in respect of it being specified or set out'in theclaiming clauses concluding the specification.

The packing comprises two portions of different characters as `hereinafter explained, namely one part consisting of convolutions of rolled up canvas, woven asbestos fabric, or other woven fabric, which, for example, say is onethird of the thickness lof the radius of the packing; andimay or may not come next the rod, and is subjected to wear; and the other part of the packing is rolled or -coiled up or folded with the first mentioned part, and is formed `of the same, or

`equivalent material, but is constituted all of scrap cuttings 0r `lfesilllle? of the material Speciication of Letters Patent.

from which the firstvmentioned portion of the packing referred to ismade and treated and made up as hereinafter described, and this second mentioned portion may have mixed with it other suitableand' less eX- pensive -material (as at present packings i very often have) according to the nature of the packing, and according to whether it is required for-steam, water, air or other duid. 'Ihese scrap cuttings are disintegrated or reduced by suitable machinery, and worked `up or mixed together so as to form a homogeneous mass, which is rolled out into a thin sheet form. In the packing, this inner material may present the same the outer portion.

In the drawing,

Figure l is aV perspective view of my improved packing.

Fig. 2is a similar view of a modified form of packing. p

Fig. 3 is a detail perspective section of the packing, having a cellular core.

Fig. i illustrates a perspective partial section of a builtl up packing having the characteristics of my invention.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig.,` 4, but illustrating a different fo-rm of built up packing.

appearance as y i Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4, but illustrating a still further development of a built up packing.l i i Fig..7 is a perspective partial section of a built up packing having rivets on oneface. Fig. 8 is adetail perspective view ofone of the slabs or plates employed in making the packing bars.

. In the packing as illustrated in Fig. 1 of thedrawings, a represents the rolled up canvas, woven asbestos cloth, or other woven fabric on the outside of the packing; and ZJ represents the material made of the rolled up sheet formed from the disintegrated scrap cuttings.

A modification of the packing just described, is shown in Fig.`

2, in which the center portion consists of alternate laminae of canvas or like cloth, and the composition sheeting described, and this combined coiled up portion,`forms the core in the centerof the' packing d ratenteii nee.. Emir.

Application" inea August 2o, i915. serial no. 46,572.

ioc l AIn some cases in the center of the packing a cellular core is provided, so that it (the core) is elastic, and the cellscontaining air; and the cells may be formedby employing small'pieces of rubber or other suitable ma- Y ber yor'like material, and d the air cells, or

spaces between them.l

As a modified'manner of providing this cellular core there maybe used inthe `center .ofthePacking,rubbersponge or like matep rial'containing air 1n cells, which Vwill act pneumatically, as in the'former case.

In building or makingup this packing, the different parts specified. can be made lof vdifferent ldegrees of resilient. material;

namely. the outside-.fthat is Athe part which comes next fthe rod orthe wearing-part-fmay be; made relativelysoft. andpliable, while the inner lpart may -be relatively hard. Or, l the .outsideof-thepacking which comesnext the rod can be of the harder material, similarly asin packing known as semi-metallicf, las for instance similarly as ythat described and shown in the specification `of my British Patent No. 11562 of 1913; While the pntwithinitx-maybe of a softer orfmore resilient nature. Also in somecases the back part maybe madeof composition consistin of scrap cuttings vor residue of .the materia fromv which -thepacking is. made, Aeither alone, or mixed with other suitable less eX- pensiyeor inexpensive material., And .this beek par-.t instead of being in laminas of ysheeting or cloth, may be made of the said 1 composition or material compounded together` and made into .a more or lesshomogeneous solid mass.v

VVPacking of this characteris illustrated in Figs. et .to 6 .of the draw-ings.

Fig. 4 shows the packingjnwhich the outside'portionzwhich comes next. to the rod is of the harder material consisting of composition b, made upl and compressed in a homogeneousimass with a suitableaaclhesive, such as is used in making packingsof this kind.; this (portion, b ein similarly arranged in the' packing, as. the ard portion of the packing as shown inthe specification of my Brit-.ishPatent No. ii5caof 191e Whnethe softer or more, resilient portion a, which Y forms ,the z back; part, mayv be: made of canvass sheets folded up together. as=indicated by ther-drawing, orl thissheetingmay if de- Sil'cdbc made of the scrap cutting rwaste compositori specified.

Theportionjb is generally of the form of Vthe ha'rtl,portionjof the said semi-.metallic packing, described. and shown in my British Patent l \To. 23820 of 1913; namelyitnis provided with gaps e at suitable intervals-say deep V recesses; and there are two thick bands or bars of this composition material forming the face and center portion of the packing; and these recesses in the different barsor bands are arranged in break joint disposition, so that a gap in one bar lies under or over a solid* portion of the other bar.

In Fig. 5the harder portion of the packing made of the composition in strips, as shown, having between them laminae or strips fof canvas or woven asbestos fabric; and inthisfcase also-which is of the general form of packing shown in Fig. 4-the back and outer portion aV may be of foldedA sheets made ofthe compositiomor ofcanvas or asbestos woven fabric.

InI Fig. 6 the back andiouter portion a, in which the wearing or face pant ofthe packing lies, is made of thecomposition-,or material'made--into a more or less homogeneous mass, compaetedand pressed to therequired degree; and this part of this material is marked b1, Aand is incloscd with a wrapping 0f canvas or of other material, and isprovided with bars 7) as in Fig. 4.

In Fig. 7 there is shown a packing of the characterfherein .referred to, rprovided with metal rivetsor studs. In this packing the part Z) ismade up of composition above Adcscribed, and the rivetsor studs c' are fitted in v it; Vthe rivets; or studsl being made of any suitable metal used in packingsof the kind concerned; The rivets or studs may be of bifurcated fcnm such as are used in tire treads, or of otherl suitable kind, and secured by washers at their bases o1 in any suitable manner ,i andthcy are preferably `set more or less closely together in. rows, as indicated.

The back-and outer` portion of ythe packingfinthis case, may be made of. the convolutions or laminae of canvas; or woven asbestos cloth.; or it mayl consist of the composition such as described with reference to Fig. 7.

In Figs. l and 5, the packinois shown practically.` of rectangular formfbut it may be of other shapes, according to requirements.

Concerning the manner of treating, the cuttings or residue of the material, from which the canvas, asbestos, (with or without wire woven) packings are made, this residue or. cutting. is` taken and reduced or disintegrated, sayin a ,grindingv or mixing mill, and.I mixed up together in a homogeneous mass, and. thoroughly treated; anda in some cases graphite or like lubricant may be mixed. with it.;- andwhere the material so mixed is .ofitoo dry ai nature, .such as when it. comprise'sasbestos and wire woven waste cuttings an eXtra small amount of suitable rubber. compound is mixed, orl another known adhesive suitable to the purposes with it. `Sometimes other waste cuttings, such as the waste cuttings, clippings, et

v make no general claim *intenta cetera, from the manufacture of pneumatic tires, 1n which canvas hasbeen used, and

whichA is unvulcanized, can be mixed with the waste from the manufacture of packings, and therefore is unvulcanized, which is similarly reduced or disintegrated and treated as described."

This mass of mixed material 1s then passed through heated calender rollers, and

rolled out under pressure into a thin layer, in some cases as thin as the canvas or asbestos cloth or material with which it is to be incorporated in the manufacture of the )ackinfr where so incor orated. b)

In the case where the packing is made into bars, as it were, as shown in Figs; 5 to 7, this form of the material would be made by passing the mass between rollers to a wider gage, say half an inch, ve-eighths, or three quarters of an inch thick, according to the size of the packing for which it is required. Or it may be made up in a frame of the size required, and in the thickness re quired, and introduced between the plates, and compressed between theln, under a pressure which would give the material the required density; and one of these plates may have V or other suitable shaped projections or ribs on it, so that when the plates are pressed together by hydraulic or other pressure, there is produced in the slab the V or like shaped grooves. A section of this slab is shown in Fig. 8.

The bars ZJ are made from the slab by cutting it transversely to the direction of the grooves e; the width of the bars being so out oli', being that required. The thickness or depth will be that of the slab, which will be regulated according to the size of the packing.

I am aware that packings have been made in which a backing has been employed, and that the backing may be of a different fabric and structure from the other part, and l to a packing having this characteristic.

l/Vhile in the above description it has been inferred or stated in general that the packing is to be used in connection with engines or machines in which the parts to be packed have relative movement, yet it may be employed between parts of engines or machines or apparatus in which the adjacent surfaces or parts, between which it is desired to make a steam or fluid tight joint, are stationary.

1. A packing of the flexible type for cngines and machines comprising two laminated portions of material of dii'iierentstrucm tural characteristics, one of such portions consisting of woven material and the other of such portions being made up from disin` tegrated woven material; described. Y

2. A Hexible packing for engines and maf substantially as `tilting the other being` formed of the equivalent chines comprising two portions having `different structural characteristics, one portion being formed of the equivalent material as the other portion and consisting of the scrap clippings and waste of the material constiportion, thesaid clippings and waste 4vbeing'disintegrated` and the disintegrated material being mixed with an adhesive ,and pressed into therequired form; substantially as described.

3. A iexible packing for engines and machines comprising two portions having different structural characteristics, one portion material as the other portion and consisting of the scra` clippings and waste of the material consti* tuting the other portion, the said clippings and waste being disintegrated and the disintegrated material being mixed with rubber adhesive and rolled into sheet form; sub stantially as described.

a. A fiexible packing for engines and machines comprising layers of two different woven materials of different structural characteristics and having a pneumatic chambered core at the inner part; substantially as described.

5. A flexible packing for engines and machines comprising layers of two different woven materials of different structural characteristics and having a pneumatic cellular core at the inner part; substantially as described.

6. A packing of the liexible type for en gines and machines comprising portions of woven materials having different structural characteristics one of such portions being relatively hard and another of such portions being relatively soft, the relatively soft portion consistingof woven textile material arranged in layers over the surfaces of the harder material which consists of disintegrated woven material mixed with an adhesive and compressed into blocks; substantially as described.

7. A packing of the ilexible type for engines and machines comprising portions of woven materials having different structural characteristics one of such portions being relatively hard and another of such por tions being relatively soft, the relatively soft portion consisting of woven material arranged in layers over the surfaces of the harder material which consists of disinte grated woven asbestos mixed with an adhesive and `compressed into blocks with metal rivets combined therewith; substantially as described.

8. A iiexible packing for engines and machines comprising alternate layers of woven textile, asbestos or like material, and disintegrated woven textile, asbestos or like material, in sheet form; substantially as described.

9. A flexible packing for engines and ma- 'GhineSMGQmmS-Dg; wf; layers 0f, different `In. testimony Wherieo have .signed my Stmqtugal chamcteistm v011.6 O which iS ,Dmf-Q ffh Slltlon il) the; presence :the dgee pant; which. tcomes Anext jthe :Working of ,twfo subsqnbmg wtnsses.

. guy-.face a-flldih Illlgydgp hardermatlial than WILLIAM BELDAM.

that oithefother pant andconsstso Woven Witnessgs:

CErlanger-ial golsinf@gra-teniA and compressed 'into L. yL EARL,

shape; Subsigantallyagdesclibgd. EUSTAGE H. BURKE. 

